{"id":9568,"date":"2023-12-13T09:00:13","date_gmt":"2023-12-13T08:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.learnancientrome.com\/?p=9568"},"modified":"2023-12-13T09:00:13","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T08:00:13","slug":"who-made-the-food-in-ancient-rome-in-a-family","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.learnancientrome.com\/who-made-the-food-in-ancient-rome-in-a-family\/","title":{"rendered":"Who Made The Food In Ancient Rome In A Family"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\nAncient Romans had a diverse and culturally sophisticated diet. There are records that suggest that the agricultural system of Rome provided a wide variety of food products and ingredients to people, who then would cook and prepare it in their own homes. The food prepared in the home of an average Roman family was a testament to the breadth of Roman culture, with recipes often featuring Latin, Greek, and African ingredients, influence and techniques.
\nIn the Roman home, each family member had their own role to play in the food preparation process, with mothers and grandmothers being the heart of the culinary operations. Women were generally responsible for the day-to-day food production, from choosing the best produce, learning recipes from friends and relatives, to supervising the kitchen staff that did most of the physical work. Millennia ago, women in Ancient Rome were the cooks in the family.
\nMothers, grandmothers and household slaves created meals based on a variety of seasonal ingredients. Gardens, fruit trees, and figs provided plentiful and varied sources of fresh produce. A typical Roman diet included bread and cheese, legumes, vegetables and fruit, including sweet, tart and bitter varieties. Meat, such as pork, lamb and beef, were occasional meals for special occasions like festivals or family-reunions. Fish was also popular, and fishing was the major occupation of Arcadian immigrants to Rome.
\nChefs who cooked in family kitchens were either slaves or hired hands. In some homes, slaves were trained to prepare meals from recipes handed down from the women in the households, while in other homes, the women were in charge of the kitchen. Although the women were in charge of the food preparation tasks, it was the men that were responsible for the shopping at local markets or commissioning outside chefs to prepare meals.
\nFamilies may have also had slaves to help in their kitchen and with their meals; however, the slaves had to obey their masters and follow strict recipes and procedures. There are records of some slave owners even naming their slaves after the dishes they were most famous for preparing. This was done both to show off their wealth and to make sure the slaves understood their value to the family.\n<\/p>\n

Garnishes and Sauces<\/h2>\n

\nIn Ancient Rome, food was garnished and seasoned with a range of condiments. Sauce recipes developed around the Mediterranean coast and were imported from Greece, Egypt, and North Africa. These included different kinds of sauces, olives, and capers. Rice, barley and chestnuts were also popular ingredients, and sauces were often made with honey, eggs, and spices.
\nHerbs played an important role in the cuisine. Oregano, peppermint, basil, thyme and garlic were used for flavoring many dishes, and as a garnish. Roman cooks used vinegar as a preservative and seasoning. Some popular sauces included garum, a salty fish mixture, caroenum, a rich sweet and sour sauce, and silphium, the ancient condiment made from a rare species of fennel.\n<\/p>\n

Food Preparation Rituals<\/h2>\n

\nThe preparation of food in ancient Rome was more than just a daily chore. Evidence found by archaeologists suggests that the preparation was done with great care and attention. Even basic dishes were accompanied by rituals, such as the pounding of grains, grinding of spices and washing of vegetables.
\nIn addition to that, a range of special rituals were performed on festivals, especially during the time of Saturnalia since it was an important holiday to celebrate. Food was prepared in honor of the gods and goddesses, with events always taking place around banquet tables. Eating and drinking might start after lengthy prayer and offerings were made.\n<\/p>\n

Food, Religion and Social Status<\/h2>\n

\nThe Roman Empire was very much structured and marked with social roles and religious divisions. For example, some animals were thought to be sacred and were not to be prepared during certain days of the year. On the other side, different classes of people had reserved places at the table for special occasions.
\nFor example, the most privileged guests were given the honor of reclining at the couch. For this elite class of citizens, the table was a source of pride and a way of displaying their wealth to others. Wealthy citizens might offer an expensive banquet while displaying their opulence to their guests.
\nWhat is more, religious and spiritual aspects were connected with the food rituals in Ancient Rome. Many regions and provinces had their own specific rituals around food, time and place to honor the gods. Perceived safety and protection also came from the rituals done to prepare meals and it was thought that they brought luck to the owners of the household.\n<\/p>\n

Lessons from the Ancient Times<\/h2>\n